Edukasi Food Recall dan Aktifitas Fisik untuk Pengendalian Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus
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Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronis dengan prevalensi tinggi dan masih menjadi tantangan bagi pelayanan kesehatan primer. Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis) telah berjalan di Puskesmas, namun kadar gula darah banyak pasien masih tidak terkontrol akibat pola makan yang belum sesuai diet DM dan aktivitas fisik yang rendah. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran pasien melalui penerapan metode food recall 24 jam dan edukasi pola makan seimbang serta aktivitas fisik. Pelaksanaan kegiatan meliputi pengisian food recall, evaluasi mandiri pola makan, pre-test pengetahuan, pemberian edukasi diet DM dan aktivitas fisik berdasarkan teori IPAQ, kemudian post-test sebagai evaluasi. Hasil food recall menunjukkan sebagian besar pasien masih mengonsumsi makanan tinggi karbohidrat sederhana, gorengan, lemak jenuh, dan rendah serat, serta memiliki aktivitas fisik kategori ringan. Pada tahap pre-test, 26 responden memiliki pengetahuan kurang dan 29 responden memiliki pengetahuan cukup. Setelah edukasi, terjadi peningkatan signifikan di mana 33 responden berada pada kategori pengetahuan baik dan 22 responden pada kategori cukup. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi metode self-monitoring melalui food recall dan edukasi terstruktur efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran pasien untuk mengelola gaya hidup dalam pengendalian glukosa darah.
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